Fuel Cell

A fuel cell is an electrochemical device that converts the chemical energy of a fuel, typically hydrogen, and an oxidizing agent, usually oxygen from the air, into electricity through a chemical reaction. Unlike conventional power generation methods that involve combustion, fuel cells generate electricity in a clean and efficient manner, producing only water and heat as by-products.

Fuel cells operate continuously as long as there is a supply of fuel and oxidant, distinguishing them from batteries, which store energy but have a finite lifespan. They consist of an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte that facilitates the flow of ions between the two electrodes. The most common type of fuel cell is the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), which uses a solid polymer electrolyte.

Fuel cells are used in a variety of applications including transportation (such as fuel cell vehicles), stationary power generation, and portable power systems. They are considered a promising technology for achieving cleaner energy solutions, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancing energy efficiency.