Hydrogen Fuel Cells

Hydrogen fuel cells are electrochemical devices that convert chemical energy from hydrogen and oxygen into electrical energy, with water and heat as byproducts. They operate on the principle of an electrochemical reaction, where hydrogen gas (H₂) is introduced at the anode, and oxygen (often from air) is introduced at the cathode. At the anode, hydrogen molecules are split into protons and electrons. The protons migrate through an electrolyte membrane to the cathode, while the electrons create an electric current as they travel through an external circuit. At the cathode, the protons and electrons recombine with oxygen to produce water (H₂O).

Hydrogen fuel cells are considered a clean energy technology because their only emission is water vapor, making them a promising alternative to fossil fuels for various applications, including transportation, stationary power generation, and portable power. They can be used in vehicles, stationary applications, and backup power systems, providing a sustainable and efficient energy conversion solution. Their potential for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and reliance on traditional energy sources positions them as a key technology in the transition to renewable energy systems.